Refused safe haven in the United States as well, the ship returned to Europe. The decline of direct immigration was in marked contrast to Philadelphia's By the mid 1870s Philadelphia, having frown by another 350,000, was home to about three-quarters of a million people, and its economy was firmly based on dozens of Hamburg-American Packet Company / Hamburg-Amerikanische Packetfarhrt Aktien-Gesellschaft (HAPAG) / Hamburg-American Line / Hamburg-Amerika Linie. Between 1910 and 1914, at the height of immigration from Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. Although the Poles were a much smaller group, they, unlike the Italians, expanded their original settlements into larger ethnic neighborhoods. Mikrofilmrollen K 1701 - K 2008, S 17363 - S 17383, 13116 - 13183. lines, Thomas Cope's was easily the more important. Londonderry, in what is now Northern Ireland. In 1854 the City of Manchester Just as the remodeling at Vine Street was starting, Philadelphia's immigration facilities became embroiled in a three-year-long controversy. In 1901-02, for example, of 17,175 arrivals in Philadelphia, only 26 were detained for diseases and only 81 were held in the federal center for illegal major enterprises in the textile, metal products, machine goods, printing and chemical industries. iron steamers, the Pennsylvania, Indiana, and Illinois Still, the city has received some members of each major modern immigrant group, including up to 16,000 Displaced Persons Immigration statistics are unfortunately inconsistent. Marcus Hook, 20 miles from Philadelphia docks. children accounted for almost a million Philadelphians including about 200,000 Italians and an equal number of eastern European Jews. probably around 2500 already, he explained, and there likely would be seven more voyages to that city before sailings halted in the early fall. The Dollar Steamship Company (commonly known as "Dollar Line") was established on August 12, 1900. to bring immigrants to the wharves lining the Delaware riverfront. The Irish were initially much poorer than the Germans as a group. Having been built at Philadelphia's Cramp's Shipyard, the line's first steamer, the Ohio, began regular service to Liverpool via Queenstown in Ireland in 1873. While single men and single women were separated, two married couples were sometimes berthed together. Since under some conditions single women were prevented from landing, many hurried unions were celebrated on the spot. The Hamburg American Line steamship HOLSATIA, captain Ehlers, arrived at New York on 27 October 1868, from Hamburg 14 October, via Southampton 16 October, with merchandise and 850 passengers. city faced the massive Irish and German migrations of the late 1840s with only its one line of sailing ships to Europe. Having been built at Philadelphia's Cramp's Shipyard, the line's first steamer, the Ohio, began regular service to Liverpool via Queenstown in Ireland in 1873. Hamburg Huskies American Sports e. V. Sports Club. The Census of 1880 for example, revealed that more than 90 percent of the city's 200,000 foreign-born residents were from Germany or the British Isles, half of them from Ireland alone. increase steadily though its ethnic mixture remained stable. In 1850, nearly half of them worked in day labor, handloom weaving, or carting, and less than a third of them in skilled trades. The steerage berths were six feet by six feet and held four people each. Visible Irish, Italian, Jewish and Polish neighborhoods remained 110 miles from the ocean, up a shallow bay and what used to a winding river channel. much steeper than the national decrease in immigration. Its ships had been busy in the 1850s bringing English and Irish emigrants from Liverpool to Philadelphia, but after 1868 they could no longer compete against Comprising a large proportion of the city's laborers, unskilled workers, and small merchants, they generally had to live close Fredric M. MillerFrom the time of its founding in 1682, Over the next two decades, Philadelphia's immigrant population continued to In 1873 the establishment of two 571-foot-long pier at Vine Street served the Italian ships. Formed in 1847, the Packet Company sailed from Hamburg to New York via Southampton. emergence as one of the great immigrant cities of the mid-nineteenth century. Poles, and Jews were much more concentrated in traditional ethnic neighborhoods and streets. cultural, social, religious and political ties remained important, but were far from dominant in their lives.The situation of the new immigrant groups was very different. named the City of Glasgow, which left Liverpool on December 17 with 400 passengers and arrived only ten days later in Philadelphia. The Hamburg-Amerikanische Packetfahrt-Actien-Gesellschaft (HAPAG), or Hamburg America Line, was a transatlantic shipping enterprise established in Hamburg, in 1847. Although the concentration The company built a large ocean liner terminal at Cuxhaven, Germany, in 1900. Bridesburg.After the First World War the groups began to disperse geographically. In the same period, the American economy prospered and a class of wealthy Americans was eager to travel in luxury. The Italians, now well established in the garment, construction, and waterfront industries, enlarged their settlement in South Philadelphia to bring immigrants to the wharves lining the Delaware riverfront. The Cope line was also winding down by this time. All told in the eight years from 1847 through 1854, over 120,000 immigrants previous trough, the decline in twentieth-century immigration to Philadelphia has not been reversed. and in the refining of sugar and petroleum. After the electrification of the streetcar lines in the 1890's had greatly extended the practical commuting distance, rowhouse development filled in the areas between the industrial belts that extended Learn about over 1,000 camps and ghettos in Volume I and II of this encyclopedia, which are available as a free PDF download. The Hamburg-American Line holds the record for fastest time across the Atlantic from New York to Southampton and the continent. The station naturally became one of the most colorful places in Philadelphia. of the century Philadelphia led the nation in such diverse industries as the production of locomotives, streetcars, saws, hosiery, hats, leather goods, and cigars, while it ranked second in the manufacture of drugs and chemicals Philadelphia from abroad between the spring and the fall to stop first for a health inspection at the Lazaretto in Essington, eight miles down river from the city. Overall, the city's population had grown from 847,170 to 1,950,961 in the half century 1920's the waterfront was a bustling place, especially around the Washington Avenue wharves where the American and Red Star Lines docked. At first, both the Jews and the Italians crowded into the old streets and alleys not far from the Delaware while the Poles settled in outlying heavy industrial areas, especially Manayunk, Nicetown and Every purchase you make supports the Museum’s mission to ignite our community’s passion for nature and science. waves of immigrants. an attempt to divert some immigrant traffic away from New York's Ellis Island, Congress was funding construction of new immigrant stations around the country. Only twenty years later, the Italians nearly equaled the Irish at more than 60,000 while the Russian Port. After 1815 it was busy. Londonderry, in what is now Northern Ireland. After World War I the line briefly resumed immigrant service from Liverpool, but when the United States severely curtailed immigration in 1924, the service came to a halt. There vessels carrying passengers with infectious diseases As late as 1900, the Germans, Irish, and British still made up well over But that event proved exceptional, for the Germantown settlers not only landed in Philadelphia, but also stayed in the area. could be isolated for up to several months at a complex that included a hospital capable of housing 500 patients and a steam disinfecting plant able to heat contaminated clothing and baggage to 220 degrees. As a result of the immigrant wave of the previous decade, in 1850 three out of ten Philadelphians were foreign-born, the highest proportion ever recorded. One reason was simply ice in the river. they could board trains and leave the city. The Italians, now well established in the garment, construction, and waterfront industries, enlarged their settlement in South Philadelphia This was an area of warehouses, factories, sugar refineries, freight depots, and grain city although only the American Line offered weekly sailings. carried thousands to Philadelphia over the next four decades. In contrast, the Jews moved out to several different parts of North and West Philadelphia, leaving only modest communities in the old part of the city they had shared with the Italians. During the 1950's and 1960's as The line also leased up to a half-dozen other ships in the 1880s so that it could offer three sailings between Liverpool and Philadelphia per week. In all, about 70,000 Germans landed there before the Revolution and Philadelphia also received the largest share This Online Collection has links to online databases and indexes that may include birth records, marriage records, death records, biographies, cemeteries, censuses, histories, immigration records, land records, military records, newspapers, … Sources include William J. Bromwell, Between 1910 and 1914, at the height of immigration from Immigration and Naturalization Service (1941-). named the City of Glasgow, which left Liverpool on December 17 with 400 passengers and arrived only ten days later in Philadelphia. In contrast, the Jews moved out to several different parts of North and West Philadelphia, leaving only modest communities in the old part of the city they had shared with the Italians. Moreover, Philadelphia's decline was between 1880 and 1920. and classes lived near their jobs, and the immigrants were thus spread around the city far more than later groups would be. between 1880 and 1930. In 1939, the Cuban government turned away the St. Louis, a transatlantic liner carrying 937 Jews fleeing Nazi Germany. in Gray's Ferry, South Philadelphia, Oxford Circle, and Bridesburg respectively. Over a quarter of the population was foreign-born; 100,000 Irish and 50,000 Germans accounted for more than five-sixths of the As immigration increased, it outgrew the capacity of the Washington Avenue building. city faced the massive Irish and German migrations of the late 1840s with only its one line of sailing ships to EuropeIn any case, demand quickly brought forth an increased supply. however, numbering only about 35,000 for the entire decade of the seventies despite the liberalized legislation and special refugee provisions. exceed a thousand for nearly twenty years. The city is Large scale European immigration to the new United States did not begin until the end For these groups, ethnic The year's total migration to Philadelphia was the federal government established a quarantine station of its own at the moth of the Delaware Bay to check ships coming from ports with reported infections and supplemented it nine years later with another national station - The Kensington mill district also had a significant population of British and Irish Furthermore Porsche has decided to offer guided tours again as soon as the situation is safe again for our guests and employees. Over a quarter of the population was foreign-born; 100,000 Irish and 50,000 Germans accounted for more than five-sixths of the opening of the American and Red Star Lines in 1873, the city had been irreversibly transformed by immigration. 571-foot-long pier at Vine Street served the Italian ships. arrived in Philadelphia, now the nation's fourth largest immigrant port. But many more people were by this time coming to the city via New York, for Philadelphia's share of all There were some ethnic concentrations, generally based on job specialization and related income Staff members are working remotely to answer reference requests to the extent feasible. As late as 1900, the Germans, Irish, and British still made up well over America, Philadelphia's officially recorded share was only 154, including 48 Spaniards, 19 Frenchmen, and a hardly credible two immigrants from Ireland. Because the latter group has predominated The passengers were saved but the ship was lost. By the mid 1870s Philadelphia, having frown by another 350,000, was home to about three-quarters of a million people, and its economy was firmly based on dozens of Encouraged by the success of both the American Line and its major local competitor, the Red Star Line, which connected Philadelphia with the Continent directly through Antwerp, Belgium, larger companies extended service to the The restrictive immigration quotas implemented the next year ended even that activity, reducing the booming immigration of only ten years earlier to construction laborers, especially, lived in alleys and sidestreets all over Philadelphia although there were some Irish concentrations in Southwark, Moyamensing, and Grays' Ferry along the southern borders of the city. And there were new communities of Koreans, Vietnamese, and Greeks in areas such as Olney, Logan, and West Philadelphia that had housed earlier next year, the Richardsons withdrew from the business when Inman leased their ships to France for use in war, and early in 1857 Inman dropped service to Philadelphia in favor of New York.Of course, many sailing ships continued As a result of the immigrant wave of the previous decade, in 1850 three out of ten Philadelphians were foreign-born, the highest proportion ever recorded. The quotas limiting immigration from southern and eastern Europe put an end to an already-ailing immigrant business. Londonderry and Philadelphia. There, most Irish emigrants, unlike their German and English counterparts, had been farm laborers or domestic servants. The Free and Hanseatic City (Freie und Hansestadt) of Hamburg is the second smallest of the 16 Länder of Germany, with a territory of only 292 square miles (755 square km). In all, about 70,000 Germans landed there before the Revolution and Philadelphia also received the largest share Outside, there was usually a crowd of entrepreneurs eager to charge the The Museum’s Collections document the fate of Holocaust victims, survivors, rescuers, liberators, and others through artifacts, documents, photos, films, books, personal stories, and more. The restrictive immigration quotas implemented the next year ended even that activity, reducing the booming immigration of only ten years earlier to The year's total migration to Philadelphia was Computer Company. IN order to prevent them from also brining in contagious diseases such as yellow fever, by 1798 a quarantine hospital, the Lazaretto, had been They were joined by ships of the Holland-America, Italia, and North German Lloyd lines as Philadelphia's immigrant arrivals rose to a peak of over 60,000 in 1913. Location: Based in Hamburg, Germany. to modernize the whole facility, equipping it with electric lights and steam heat. Baltimore, and Philadelphia. Although the concentration major enterprises in the textile, metal products, machine goods, printing and chemical industries. Because most of these industries relied on skilled and semi-skilled workers rather than on massive concentrations of unskilled laborers, Philadelphia attracted fewer Slavic Likewise, For instance, there were 127,000 foreign-born Philadelphians in 1970, and many more people were being naturalized in the city than actually arrived through the airport. In addition, the new immigrant groups preserved their unity through family ties, In 1896 the railroad spent $10,000 to expand that capacity from 300 to 1,500 people and Although it began serving New York in the 1890s, the American Line never abandoned Philadelphia, adding ships with such local names as the Kensington, Southwark, Haverford, and Merion Shortly before World War I the surging immigrant traffic spread to other Philadelphia piers. aliens at Second and Christian Streets - 80 as paupers and one as a convict. Two new lines of sailing ships were German-born Philadelphians now lived all over the city. In July 1851, the Emigration Officer at Londonderry, Edward Smith, offered a Parliamentary inquiry a detailed account of the migration to Philadelphia. By 1870, more than 90 percent of immigrants to America arrived by steamship. first half of 1851, with the effects of the great famine still evident, thirteen ships from Londonderry had gone to Philadelphia compared to four to New York and five to Canada. Jews numbered almost 100,000, and there were now more Philadelphians who had been born in Poland (31,112) than in England (30,886). Nevertheless, in 1884, built a few miles below Philadelphia. The Industrial expansion and an abundance of cheap housing fueled Philadelphia's population growth as city boosters dubbed it both ``the workshop of the world" and the ``city of homes." This reference provides text, photographs, charts, maps, and extensive indexes. migrations. Nevertheless, the history of Philadelphia as an immigrant port is a rich and complex story of peaks and valleys, false starts, and perseverance against natural disadvantages. The First World War put an abrupt end to this growth. 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