A campaign there against recruitment to the British army met with some success. Top tips for searching the Ellis Island immigration records database. There were the professional men: the lawyers, dentists and doctors. Elsewhere in the city other former Irish Transvaal brigaders also fought the English again. We know the names of ninety-one casualties in the Irish commandos, thirty-one of whom were killed, twenty-three wounded and twenty-seven made prisoners-of-war. With the close of the SWA Campaign Active Citizen Force regiments were not permitted to proceed, as such, to other theatres of war. This website is a free site that contains a large number of emigration records from various ports in Ireland and Canada. When it became clear that the South African Republic would go to war with Britain, clandestine Irish meetings were held in John Mitchell’s clothes cleaning shop in Johannesburg and by September 1899, with the help of a South African-Irishman named Solomon Gillingham, a proposal for a 700-strong Irish Transvaal Brigade was accepted by the Boer government. ‘To get my guns, the English will have to kill my Irish troops’, proclaimed Trichardt. South Africa The regiment also participated in the capture of Mega (18 February 1941). The New Australian Convict Records are online! Lynch’s commando survived only a couple of months and by the time the British army was south of Johannesburg, it had disintegrated and Lynch was thinking of clearing out of South Africa. In one particular action at Wepener, in which Driscoll's Scouts assisted the Cape Mounted Riflemen, the Scouts had an adventurous and hazardous ride across open ground from their bivouac, being exposed to the concentrated fire of two Maxim machine guns, a pom-pom, small arms fire and, at the end, to a barrage of shells from a field gun, during their entire four kilometre ride. Secondly, one notes the chameleon-like character of the Regiment, changing from an infantry to an artillery unit, and then reconverting to an infantry unit once again. Reports of a son born in the Transvaal to MacBride would emerge only eighty years later. DEPOT KAB South Africa is losing wealth. Farmers trusted them to such a degree that they would leave their houses and cattle in their charge whilst they set out with their produce for Cape Town. Irish journalists worked on major newspapers and often edited them, the most important being Frederick St. Leger, founder and editor of the Cape Times. As a further memento of the time when the Regiment was an Artillery unit, Sam Browne belts were not worn for walking out.(9). 28 Standard and Diggers’ News, 28 Sept. 1899. Finally on Sunday, 23 September 1900, they reached Komatipoort and the Mozambique border. The Irish had fought well in the war. A soldier of the 45th has supplied some interesting reminiscences of this time and mentions that the Grenadier Company of the 27th was 'the finest in the army, the tallest man being 'Long Hines' who stood 6 feet 8 inches, whilst the shortest was 6 foot.'. Several members of the unit were drowned whilst en route to Italy by ship, as prisoners-of-war. In addition, many European trans-migrants are included. It is of interest to note that the appellation 'Sportsmen's Battalion' was largely due to the influence of Maj Twomey, who was extremely active in South African sport and prominent in the South African Amateur Boxing Association, the South African Athletics Association, and the South African Olympic Games Association. South African Irish Officers in Pretoria 1914. After concentrating at Gilgil in Kenya, the South African Irish took part in the invasion of Southern Abyssinia (1 February 1941) and distinguished itself at El Gumu, Hobok, and Banno early in February 1941. List of German Settlers 1858, 1877 and 1878 The Regimental march was 'The County Down Militia 'but it has now been changed to 'Killaloe'. The records in between these years are also incomplete, due to conflicts of who was Irish, English and Scottish in South American demographics. But lucky as ever, and much to the regret of many of MacBride’s men, Lynch escaped the hangman’s noose and was eventually pardoned. Also by then, reports of Michael Davitt’s much-publicised visit to the Boer front lines had appeared in the Freeman’s Journal. This unit was later engaged in the operations at Brandfort and in the surrounding regions. The Irish fought at the battles of Diamond Hill on 12 June and Dalmanutha on 27 August, but most of the time they harassed the British advance, most notably when they held the town of Belfast for several hours under heavy fire. Blake's section distinguished itself at Pepworth, near Ladysmith, where it stood its ground under a hail of British shrapnel, dragging a great deal of ammunition up the hill. Though part of middle-class society in the colonies, they retained their attachment to Ireland There were the Irish Catholic priests, led initially by the Wexford-born Bishop Griffith, and especially strong in Eastern Cape. Unlike MacBride and his men, Lynch had taken out Transvaal citizenship only after the war had broken out, thus laying himself open to this treason charge. Each index and source covers a different time period. Maj Twomey naturally attracted to the South African Irish many prominent sportsmen from Johannesburg and elsewhere. F.H. At a later date, a new badge minus the crown was produced in Pretoria, to be worn by all non-commissioned ranks, officers continuing to wear the original badge, minus the crown, which was of silver. They were Maj George Twomey, Capt J. Jeoffreys, and a Capt MacDonald. TheShipsList website, online since August 1999, will help you find your ancestors on ships' passenger lists.We also have immigration reports, newspaper records, shipwreck information, ship pictures, ship descriptions, shipping-line fleet lists and more; as well as hundreds of passenger lists to Canada, USA, Australia and even some for South Africa. However, a card index by name has survived, which provides information compiled at the time of naturalization . Somerset, MC, and, together with 2 Botha Regiment and 3 Transvaal Scottish, formed 5 South African Infantry Brigade. Others, however, were determined not to vacate the town without a struggle and one of the fiercest firefights was in Orange Grove as the British army pressed the retreating Irish from street to street. Please enable JavaScript in your browser's settings to use this part of Geni. South Africa, Free State Dutch Reformed Church Records, 1848-1956. Tempers frayed. 9 Battalion campaigned in East Africa, where it earned the Honours 'Kilimanjaro' and 'East Africa 1916-17'. Nevertheless, authority was granted for the formation of an artillery unit, to be designated 22 Field Regiment (South African Irish) South African Artillery. Here they faced Lord Roberts’ army of 45,000 men. In many instances, it is possible to track your ancestor as they made their way from Ireland (or the UK) across the Atlantic to North America, Canada, South America or to other locations such as South Africa, Asia, Australia or New Zealand. Both the Cape Colony and the colony of Natal had Irish prime ministers: Sir Thomas Upington , "The Afrikaner from Cork"; and Sir Albert Hime , from Kilcoole in County Wicklow. The helmet plate of the regiment is a magnificent specimen and closely resembles that of the Connaught Rangers who were contemporary. Ⓒ 2020 by Intellectual Reserve, Inc. All rights reserved. In this form it returned to North Africa as a component of 6 South African Armoured Division, later serving in Italy. Unlike the English ‘uitlanders’, these Irish settlers supported Kruger’s government and in turn when a 1798 celebration was held in Johannesburg—an event which eclipsed that in Dublin—Afrikaners were prominent at both the march and banquet. There have been many historical books and thesis that have been written but there is no one entire collection or database of Irish people who came to South Africa. The Irish Road to South America Nineteenth-Century Travel Patterns from Ireland to the River Plate. When peace came in May 1902, most of the Irish had little choice but to make their way to Europe or America, where MacBride’s men had preceded them. When the British army was mopping up after the insurrection, they found rifles with Boer carvings on their butts. At the beginning of 1845 the detachment from the 27th rejoined the remainder of the regiment at Fort Peddie on the Eastern frontier of the Cape. The originals of records dated between 1854 and 1917 have been destroyed. Don't leave without searching for your ancestors on Olive Tree Genealogy! Born - Lived in Limerick/Clare? The aim of this project is to create a collection of profiles and family-trees of all Irish in South Africa, in order to add profiles you will need to join this project first by clicking on the Action button on the top right corner of this page and select join project. Below is a list of inventories with references to the Archives of the Colonial Office. (1) The 86th Regiment of Foot (later 2 Bn Royal Irish Rifles, to be reconstituted as the Royal Ulster Rifles, who were to be affiliated to the South African Irish Regiment after World War 2) arrived at the Cape on 22 September 1795, one week after the Dutch surrender. As the months progressed, disunity spread in Irish ranks. A third of the Cape's governors were Irish, as were many of the judges and politicians. In Dublin, 1899 was a dry run for 1916. In April 1940 the regiment, under Lt Col J.A. At the battle of Talana Hill on 20 October 1899 the Irish commando played a small part and it was here they first came up against Irish regiments. These Irishmen were to be found in at least six other Boer commandos. MacBride was in overall command. Divided into two sections of 100 men each, led by Cols Blake and Lynch, it comprised mainly Irish Americans, whose motives varied widely. Their action helped to stabilize the British position(6). One authority states that: 'Until the 20th February 1799 when it embarked for India, it is recorded that the appearance of the men was especially commented on. With some justification, perhaps the South African Irish Regiment may be referred to as 'the elusive regiment' in two major respects. The publication of Blake’s war memoir, Davitt’s The Boer Fight for Freedom, and later of a series of thirteen articles by MacBride in the Freeman’s Journal kept this memory alive. '(4), Hence, the 27th Regiment laid the foundations of the British colony in Natal. Authority was granted by Defence Headquarters and Lt Col Brennan, VD (Volunteer Decoration), was appointed as Commanding Officer, with Maj Twomey as Recruiting Officer. During World War 2 it changed to 'FAUGH-A-BALLAGH' ('Clear the way'), which has remained to the present time. In common with the other foreign corps serving with the Boers, the Irish Brigade adopted Boer tactics. This, done with their daredevil tactics, made the Irish very valuable to the Boers. Emigration from England peaked in the 1880s. By 1896 there were about 1,000 Irish living in the mining settlement of Johannesburg as well as others in Pretoria and in more far-flung dorps, such as Middelburg where Griffith edited the precursor to the United Irishman. But the game was up and by mid-September 1900 MacBride could hardly control his men as they moved over the great escarpment and down into the hot and humid lowveld. It does not contain Australian links, but its special search form is worth using for research. Look for clues pointing to a place of origin in Ireland. Soon the Irish commando was ensconced on Pepworth Hill overlooking the besieged garrison town of Ladysmith, where there were members of the Irish Fusiliers, the Irish Regiment, the 5th Royal Irish Lancers and some of the Dublin Fusiliers, all of whom were very eager to get their hands on the ‘flying Fenians’ of MacBride’s Brigade. Later the Scouts formed part of 8 Division and were part of the force concentrated to oppose the incursions into the Cape Colony by the forces of Gen Smuts. In 1891 the unit was absorbed into the Duke of Edinburgh's Own Volunteer Rifles as 'H' (Irish) Company. The retreat across the eastern Transvaal highveld had begun. If you have an ancestor who emigrated to another country youcould look for immigration records in the country of their arrival.These are usually held by the national archives or equivalentorganisation in that country. Nineteenth century South Africa did not attract mass Irish immigration, but Irish communities are to be found in Cape Town, Port Elizabeth, Kimberley, and Johannesburg, with smaller communities in Pretoria, Barberton, Durban and East London. '(2) They carried out field and garrison duties and had as a companion Irish unit the 8th Dragoons (Kings Royal Irish Dragoons, later the 8th Kings Royal Irish Hussars). Irish Immigrants to South Africa has been a neglected sector of the South Africa population and for many years I have had an immense interest in Irish Immigration to South Africa. Driscoll's Scouts was founded by Capt D.P. Although the first record of British Army units serving in South Africa cites the 78th Regiment of Foot (later 2 Bn Gordon Highlanders), who were landed at Simons Bay on 10 June 1795, the Irish were not far behind. Some of MacBride’s men were formed into a ‘dynamite squad’ or ‘wreckers’ corps’, blowing up railway bridges and facilities as the Boer army retreated. Between 1902 and 1905, there were about 5,000 Irish immigrants. This precedence, however, may be elevated if a claim to an earlier date of establishment is officially recognized. Ireland Ireland Emigration and Immigration Finding an Irish Ancestor Using South African Records. By Edmundo Murray. Generally speaking, they were courageous but inferior to the Boers in skill, and more than on one occasion, (e.g., at Elandslaagte and Magersfontein) allowed themselves to be surrounded, captured or destroyed. Irish commando members fought in the battles of Spion Kop and Vaal Krantz, as well as in the final battle of Tugela Heights when Buller’s army, with its 5th (Irish) Brigade, broke through and relieved Antrim-born General Sir George White in Ladysmith. On 6 October 1899, the Irish Transvaal Brigade mobilised and boarded trains for the Transvaal-Natal frontier. While many Irish settled in the city, a large proportion subsequently re-emigrated to North America. It is as well they did not fight alongside each other. They exchanged greetings and parted forever. The unit also made a name for itself, to which the same authority bears witness 'Frequent reference has been made to the service rendered by this regiment in the disturbances at the Cape during 1796-1803. But not all the Irish brigaders had left. The Irish were among the first to cross the Tugela River and capture Captain Long’s field-artillery pieces. This collection includes reformed church records from South Africa. Welcome to Geni, home of the world's largest family tree. An Irish Regiment leaving Johannesburg Aug/Sept 1914, Irish Regiments in the British Army Serving in South Africa, All the regular units of Irish origin in the British Army have served for a period of time in South Africa. 6 Coy South African Irish in Pretoria 1914. South Africa, City and Area Directories, 1813-1962. The new combined Irish force now moved to the front line in the Orange Free State. ('Who will separate us?'). Moreland, MC, trained at Premier Mine, being brigaded with the Imperial Light Horse and Pretoria Regiment. Relations between the Irish Brigade and the Boers were often strained (as were relations between other foreign volunteers and the Boers). At the top of Dublin’s Grafton Street, at the corner of Stephen’s Green, stands a handsome triumphal arch—still referred to by some locals as ‘traitors’ gate’—which commemorates the ‘officers, non-commissioned officers and men’ of the Royal Dublin Fusiliers who fell in the second Anglo-Boer war (1899-1902). '(3), At a later point in South African history, the 27th Regiment of Foot (later 1 Bn Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers) was involved in the campaign on the Eastern Cape frontier in 1835. Morale at this time was excellent. Perhaps because of this they were initially assigned to accompany and guard one of the great French Creusot fortress guns, or ‘Long Toms’, of Commandant Trichardt’s Transvaal State Artillery. And he was correct. The nineteenth-century Irish emigration to Argentina has been studied from different perspectives. Cochran, who succeeded Lt Col Dobbs, was wounded. For reasons unclear, Griffith returned to Dublin in October 1898, but there were more new arrivals in the Transvaal from Ireland by the day. Records were not required for free emigrants to the United States until 1776; Canada before 1865; or Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa … What was it like? Regrettably, there is very little information available concerning the Cape Town Irish Rifles specifically, but it is hoped that further research will produce additional information. The journey to Ellis Island, New York. Thus, the usual designation was simply 'South African Irish'. That Christmas Day 1899, under the flag sent out by Maud Gonne and the Dublin-based Irish Transvaal Committee, the Irish held a horse race behind Pepworth Hill and then a banquet was laid on for Commandant General Joubert and many Boer officers and their wives. In 1943 the unit returned to the Union of South Africa, to become 4/22 Field Regiment, South African Artillery. South Africa had not witnessed mass Irish immigration, nonetheless, in the mid-1890s, Dublin Castle officials noticed that numbers of advanced Irish nationalists were making for the unsettled South African, or Transvaal, Republic. War service units were created for East Africa and Europe, and the South African Irish Regiment was formed, together with elements from other units, into the composite 9 South African Infantry ('Sportsmen's') Battalion. Eventually totalling a strength of just under 500 men of all ranks, it first served with the Colonial Division and was present at the siege of Wepener and operations around Lindley and Fouriesburg. Among the casualties resulting from this action was the Second-in-Command, Maj Ward Clare. This date, however, is disputed and it would appear that the claim to have been established on 9 September 1914 is recognized as valid. (5), Autonomous South African Units shaped by Irish Influences. Upon its reconversion, to an Infantry regiment, the only change in dress resulting was the return of the original cap badge, the crowned harp and motto, to all non-commissioned ranks. As one would expect, a fair number of those in British colonial service in the sub-continent were Irish. Indeed, until their amalgamation in the 1960s (with other regiments of the North Irish Brigade, the Royal Irish Rangers), they were still commonly referred to as the 'Faughs'. The South African Irish, with its sister units, the 2 Botha and 3 Transvaal Scottish, together with the Transvaal Horse Artillery, was enmeshed in the defeat at Sidi Rezegh on 23 November 1941, when the German panzers overwhelmed 5 Brigade and 'plunged straight into Egypt.' In 1843 two companies of the 45th and one of the 27th Regiment of Foot pitched camp on Maritzburg Hill, naming the hill Fort Napier after Sir George Napier, the Governor of the Cape. In recognition of its services during World War 2 the Battalion received the following battle honours: These honours were not awarded immediately upon publication of the official order, as was the case with other infantry battalions, because, at the time of publication, the unit was an artillery regiment and, as such, did not carry any Honours. After the capture of Mega in 1941. But the British advance was not halted and on 23 May 1900 the Irish brigade crossed the Vaal River and entered the Transvaal. Issued at first with single-shot Martini rifles, soon most of the Irish commando had acquired captured Lee Enfield and Lee Metford rifles. A pipe band was formed, the pipes and music being obtained in Eire and the personnel wearing saffron kilts and green stockings. Shortly before Major MacBride was executed by firing squad in Kilmainham, he is reported to have said: ‘I have looked down the muzzles of too many guns in the South African war to fear death, and now please carry out your sentence’. Though there were seven American doctors among them, the rest of the men under Captain O’Connor flagrantly used their Red Cross accreditation to get out of America to Africa to fight for the Boers. However, with its reconversion to an infantry unit, it became entitled to Honours that had previously been earned by it and they are now incorporated in the colour of the Regiment presented to them by the State President in 1968. There were those with horses under Major MacBride and Captain McCallum and there were the ‘foot sloggers’ under Captain O’Connor and Lieutenant Ryan. At the end of World War 2, in view of the resurrection of Active Citizen Force units, Col Cullinan requested that the Regiment be reformed as an infantry unit. Family emigrated to S.A - Port Elizabeth about 1849 onboard the ship "ORIENT" or "ORIENTAL" from Plymouth, England to Port Elizabeth, South Africa The South African Irish Regiment was allied in 1940 to the London Irish Rifles, and after the war, former prisoners-of-war met their comrades in London. Colonel Blake became more distant from the unit and Major MacBride, his number two, increasingly became the de facto leader. 1850-1890 Passengers arriving in South African Ports- by the The Genealogical Society of South Africa The Archives of the Colonial Office records held in the Cape Town Archives are a rich source is tracing your ancestors first steps into the Country. (ORIENTAL - 1841 M... ----------------------------------------------------------------- Other formations, such as Militia, Volunteers and Yeomanry have also seen service in South Africa either as units or as reinforcements for the regular forces, especially during the Anglo-Boer War of 1899-1902. It is a matter of some pride to the Regiment that Maj Twomey's son, Cmdt C.A. For Irish immigrants, ... 1840, 1841, 1842 and 1855. In this form, it was involved in controlling the disturbances of 1960-1961 in South Africa. In 1961, following the institution of the Republic, the crown was removed from the badge. These included Celtic Literary Society members John MacBride and Arthur Griffith. In 1901 Lynch had got himself elected to an Irish seat in parliament, something MacBride had not achieved; but returning from Paris to England, he had been arrested, tried and convicted of high treason. Accusations that they were more fond of the bottle than the battle are false: they were fond of both. The Irish commando fought well and indeed for a while in the driving rain held the road to the north against Lord Dundonald’s cavalry, allowing the Boers to bring up their oxen to drag out the artillery. On 1 January 1960, the Regiment reverted to its original infantry role and regained its old title, 'The South African Irish Regiment.' During the Zulu War of 1879, the 88th Regiment of Foot (Connaught Rangers) was involved, whilst the 94th Regiment of Foot (later 2 Bn Connaught Rangers) served in the First South African War of Independence of 1880-1881. As 11 Battery, 4 Field Regiment, South African Artillery, the Irish were once again in action at El Alamein, and fired their first shot in the engagement on 24 September 1942, at 22h00. The original motto of the Regiment in 1914 was that of the Royal Irish Rifles (later the Royal Ulster Rifles), 'QUIS SEPARABIT?') This was not helped by the Boer army’s democratic structure and cavalier attitude to military discipline. These relay Dragoons protected their houses from runaway slaves and their cattle from beasts of prey. 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